How do I know if I have gum disease?

Symptoms of gum disease include:

• Bad breath that won't go away
• Red or swollen gums
• Tender or bleeding gums
• Painful chewing
• Loose teeth
• Sensitive teeth
• Receding gums or longer appearing teeth

Any of these symptoms may be a sign of a serious problem, which should be checked by a dentist or dental hygienist . 
At your dental visit the dentist or hygienist should:

• Ask about your medical history to identify underlying conditions or risk factors (such as smoking) that may contribute to gum disease. 
• Examine your gums and note any signs of inflammation.
• Use a tiny ruler called a 'probe' to check for and measure any pockets.  In a healthy mouth, the depth of these pockets is usually between 1 and 3 millimeters.  This test for pocket depth is usually painless.
• The dentist or hygienist may also
• Take an x-ray to see whether there is any bone loss.
• Refer you to a periodontist.  Periodontists are experts in the diagnosis and treatment of gum disease and may provide you with treatment options that are not offered by your dentist.

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